Ukutsalwa kweSigaba esiSolid (SPE) sisampulu sonyango lwangaphambi konyango oluphuhliswe ukusukela phakathi koo-1980.Iphuhliswa ngokudityaniswa kwe-liquid extraction kunye ne-chromatography yolwelo.Ikakhulu isetyenziselwa ukwahlula, ukucocwa kunye nokutyebisa iisampuli.Injongo ephambili kukunciphisa ukuphazamiseka kwesampulu ye-matrix kunye nokuphucula uvakalelo lokubona.

Ngokusekwe kwithiyori ye-chromatography yolwelo oluqinileyo, itekhnoloji ye-SPE isebenzisa i-adsorption ekhethiweyo kunye ne-elution ekhethiweyo ukutyebisa, ukwahlula kunye nokucoca iisampulu.Yinkqubo yokutsalwa ngokwasemzimbeni kuquka izigaba ezingamanzi neziqinileyo;isenokuqikelelwa ngokuthathwa njengenkqubo elula yechromatographic.
Umzobo wesicwangciso sesixhobo sokutsalwa kwesigaba esiqinileyo
I-SPE ngumgaqo-siseko wokwahlulwa kwechromatography yolwelo usebenzisa i-adsorption ekhethiweyo kunye ne-elution ekhethiweyo.Eyona ndlela isetyenziswa kakhulu kukugqithisa isisombululo sesampulu yolwelo nge-adsorbent, ugcine into eza kuvavanywa, kwaye emva koko usebenzise isinyibilikisi samandla afanelekileyo ukugungxula ngaphandle ukungcola, kwaye ngokukhawuleza ulute into eza kuvavanywa ngesixa esincinci. i-solvent, ukwenzela ukufezekisa injongo yokuhlukana ngokukhawuleza, ukuhlanjululwa kunye nokugxila.Kukwangenzeka ukuba ukhethe i-adsorb ephazamisayo ephazamisayo kwaye uvumele into elinganisiweyo ukuba iphume;okanye ukuthengisa ukungcola kunye nento elinganisiweyo ngaxeshanye, kwaye emva koko usebenzise isinyibilikisi esifanelekileyo ukukhetha into elinganisiweyo.
I-extractant yendlela yokutsalwa kwesigaba esiqinileyo iqinile, kwaye umgaqo wayo wokusebenza usekelwe kwinto yokuba amacandelo amele alinganiswe kunye namacandelo aphazamisayo akhoyo kwisampuli yamanzi abe namandla ahlukeneyo kwi-arhente yokukhutshwa kwesigaba esiqinileyo, ukwenzela ukuba bohlukene omnye komnye.I-agent ye-solid extraction agent yi-filler ekhethekileyo equkethe i-C18 okanye i-C8, i-nitrile, i-amino kunye namanye amaqela.