1. Cilmi-baaris aasaasi ah oo ku saabsan asiidhyada nucleic-ka: cloning genomic
2. PCR asymmetric si loogu diyaariyo DNA-da hal-xidhaale leh ee isku xigxiga DNA-da
3. Go'aaminta gobollada DNA ee aan la garanayn PCR-ga rogan
4. Reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR) waxa loo isticmaalaa in lagu ogaado heerka muujinta hiddasidaha unugyada, cadadka fayraska RNA iyo xidhitaanka tooska ah ee cDNA ee hiddo-wadaha gaarka ah
5. Fluorescence quantitative PCR waxa loo isticmaalaa la socodka wakhtiga dhabta ah ee alaabta PCR
6. Kordhinta degdega ah ee cDNA way dhammaanaysaa
7. Ogaanshaha muujinta hiddaha
8. Codsiyada caafimaadka: ogaanshaha cudurrada bakteeriyada iyo fayraska;ogaanshaha cudurrada hidda-socodka;ogaanshaha burooyinka;lagu dabaqay caddaynta dambi baarista